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All Hallow¡¯s Etymologies
Á¦ 136 È£    ¹ßÇàÀÏ : 2012.11.05 
 Etymology is the study of word origins.  Over time, words pass from one language to another, and etymology traces the path and changes of these words.  Since it¡¯s autumn, we are all getting ready to celebrate Halloween on October 31st.  Do you have your costume yet?  To get us into the Halloween spirit, I thought we would look at the etymology of some important Halloween vocabulary.
 First is the word ¡°Halloween¡± itself.  This word comes from the old English word ¡°hallow¡±, meaning ¡°holy¡±.  The Catholic church had a special day every November 1st to celebrate the holy people of the church, so this festival as known as ¡°All Hallows Day¡±.  ¡°Hallows evening¡±, the night before ¡°Hallows Day¡± eventually became shortened to ¡°Halloween¡±. 
 The word October comes to us from Latin.  In the ancient calendar, there were only 10 months.  So October was the eighth month.  From ¡°oct¡± we get words related to eight, such as ¡°octagon¡±, and ¡°octopus¡±.  When Europeans started to follow a twelve month holiday, they kept the name October for same month of the year, even though it was the tenth month of the new system. 
 Even the word ¡°candy¡±, which we get lots of on Halloween, has an interesting story to tell.  It came into English from the French ¡±çucre candi¡±, which meant ¡°sugar candy¡±.  However, where did the French get it?  Etymologists trace the French word back to the Arabic word ¡°qandi¡±, which the Arabs took from the Persian word ¡°qand¡±, which meant ¡°cane sugar¡±.  Pretty amazing history, right?
 How about the witch and her broom?  For those two we have to look to German.  ¡°Wicca¡± meant someone who practiced magic, and the English word for the modern religion of people who follow ancient magic religions is still known today as Wicca.  ¡°Broom¡± came from the German word ¡°brombeere¡± which meant blackberry.  Many brooms were made from blackberry bushes and using the broom at certain times  of year was considered bad luck, so gradually the broom became a sign of evil witchcraft. 
 You can learn a lot about the history of English by looking up word origins.  Most of them have very interesting stories!  A good website for learning about etymologies of English words is http://www.etymonline.com.  Have a happy Halloween!
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